Jumat, 18 September 2020

China holds military exercises near Taiwan as US diplomat visits - CNA

BEIJING: China began combat drills near the Taiwan Strait on Friday (Sep 18), the same day a senior US official began high-level meetings in Taipei in a move that has angered Beijing.

Beijing has watched with growing alarm the ever-closer relationship between Taipei and Washington, and has stepped up military exercises near the island, including two days of mass air and sea drills last week.

Chinese Defence Ministry spokesman Ren Guoqiang said Friday's drills, about which he gave no details, were taking place near the Taiwan Strait and involved the People's Liberation Army's eastern theatre command.

READ: China says military drills near Taiwan were a 'necessary action'

"They are a reasonable, necessary action aimed at the current situation in the Taiwan Strait and protecting national sovereignty and territorial integrity," Ren said.

Ren also warned that the Chinese military had "sufficient ability" to counter any external threat or challenge from Taiwan separatists.

Beijing considers Taiwan part of its territory and baulks at any recognition of Taiwan - which has been ruled separately from China since the end of a civil war in 1949.

Ren accused the United States of "frequently causing trouble" over Taiwan, which he said "is purely China's internal affairs, and we won't tolerate any external interference".

Trying to "use Taiwan to control China" or "rely on foreigners to build oneself up" is wishful thinking and doomed to be a dead end, he added.

"Those who play with fire will get burnt," he said.

TAIWAN SCRAMBLES JETS

According to Taipei's defence ministry, 18 Chinese aircraft - including bombers and fighters - entered Taiwan's southwest air defence identification zone (ADIZ) on Friday and also crossed the so-called median line that divides the Taiwan Strait.

The ministry said Taiwan's military "scrambled fighters, and deployed air defence missile system to monitor the activities".

The ministry showed a map of the flight paths of Chinese jets crossing the Taiwan Strait mid-line, which normally combat aircraft from both sides avoid passing through.

READ: China says will make 'necessary response' to US official's Taiwan visit

China's announcement came as US Undersecretary for Economic Affairs Keith Krach began the first full day of his visit to Taiwan in a low-key way, with no open media events on his agenda. He is the highest-ranking State Department official to visit in 40 years.

He is due to meet President Tsai Ing-wen later in the day, and on Saturday will attend a memorial service for late President Lee Teng-hui.

China had threatened to make a "necessary response" to the trip, straining already poor ties between Beijing and both Taipei and Washington. Sino-US relations have plummeted ahead of November's US presidential election.

Chinese fighter jets briefly crossed the mid-line of the Taiwan Strait last month as the US Health Secretary Alex Azar was in Taipei, and last week China carried out two days of large-scale drills off Taiwan's southwestern coast.

The US, like most countries, only has official ties with China, not Taiwan, though is the island's main arms supplier and most important international backer.

This week, the US ambassador to the United Nations had lunch with Taiwan's top envoy in New York. China's UN mission said it had lodged "stern representations" over the meeting. 

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2020-09-18 09:33:45Z
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Kamis, 17 September 2020

Commentary: The turning point in global fight against COVID-19 is approaching - CNA

GENEVA: Now almost in its tenth month, the COVID-19 pandemic is still wreaking havoc on economies and lives around the world.

But while the end of the crisis seems as far away as ever, the fact is that we are approaching a potential turning point.

World leaders now have an opportunity to seal the deal on a global framework that puts international cooperation above vaccine nationalism in stopping the pandemic.

The moment of truth will come at midnight on Sep 18. That is the deadline for countries to join the COVID-19 Vaccine Global Access Facility (COVAX), an initiative launched by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, the World Health Organization and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations.

READ: WHO head urges rich nations to join COVID-19 vaccine scheme by Friday deadline

READ: Singapore’s race for a vaccine: Can it be won before second wave of COVID-19 hits?

COVAX represents the best chance we have to provide people in all countries with rapid, fair and equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines as soon as they become available. 

The initiative has already achieved an extraordinary scale, with more than 170 countries (representing 70 per cent of the global population) already signalling their intent to join.

At a time when most countries are undergoing unprecedented crises, governments are eager for solutions that will benefit everyone. Nothing like COVAX has ever been attempted, and the short timeframe in which it has been assembled makes it all the more remarkable.

If successful, this will be the first time that the international community has come together to ensure equitable and simultaneous access to new lifesaving pandemic interventions for rich and poor alike.

READ: Commentary: Who will get the COVID-19 vaccine Chinese companies are developing?

A GLOBAL INSURANCE POLICY

As COVID-19 continues to spread, the global death toll is approaching one million, with monthly economic losses estimated at US$500 billion.

Under these conditions, ensuring fair, universal access to vaccines is not only the right thing to do. It is also necessary if we are to bring the crisis to an end. Until everyone is protected, everyone will remain at risk of the disease, its adverse economic effects, or both.

The city operates under lockdown to curb the spread of COVID-19 in Melbourne
FILE PHOTO: People wear face masks inside the Queen Victoria Market as the city operates under lockdown in response to an outbreak of COVID-19 in Melbourne, Australia. (AAP Image/Erik Anderson via Reuters)

As the only truly global approach available, COVAX’s importance cannot be overstated. Although there are more than 200 COVID-19 vaccines in development, and at least 35 clinical trials underway, the vast majority are likely to fail.

Historically, candidate vaccines at the preclinical stage have less than a 10 per cent chance of succeeding. And of those that do advance to the clinical trials stage, only around 20 per cent will ultimately be approved.

Given these odds, even wealthy governments that are currently negotiating bilateral deals with individual vaccine manufacturers cannot guarantee access to a vaccine on their own.

READ: Commentary: Vaccine politics could hamper a COVID-19 recovery

By contrast, COVAX is specifically designed to maximise the chances of success by investing in the development and manufacture of a large number of vaccine candidates at the same time.

With the world’s largest and most diverse vaccine portfolio – which currently comprises nine candidates already in development and a further nine or more under evaluation – COVAX will act as a global insurance policy.

Under this framework, member countries that have bilateral deals will still have vaccine access options in the event that those gambles fail, and the majority of countries that have no other options will be extended a critical lifeline.

READ: Commentary: Making, distributing COVID-19 vaccine in good time may depend on India's manufacturing might

WORK CUT OUT FOR COVAX

COVAX’s initial aim is to have two billion vaccine doses available by the end of 2021, as that should be enough to protect high-risk/vulnerable populations and frontline health-care workers.

But to hit that target, we first need the legally binding commitments of as many countries as possible.

READ: COVID-19 vaccine group says 76 rich countries now committed to 'COVAX' access plan

Biotech company IDT Biologika staff prepare the filling of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate
FILE PHOTO: A June 24, 2020 handout photo received from biotech company IDT Biologika in Dessau-Rosslau, Germany, on July 28, 2020, shows an individual dose of the filled SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate. Hartmut Boesener/IDT Biologika/Handout via Reuters

After the sign-up deadline of Sep 18, the priority will be to complete the development and testing process to ensure that all forthcoming vaccines are both effective and safe.

COVAX will need to put in place agreements with drug manufacturers, so that it can begin delivering vaccines at scale as soon as they are approved. And donor funds will be needed to subsidise the purchase of vaccines for low- and lower-middle-income countries.

But even with financial solutions in place, the process of distributing vaccines will pose significant challenges. The delivery of COVID-19 vaccines will be the single largest vaccine deployment the world has ever seen, and it will have to be executed at a time when misinformation (the “infodemic”) is threatening to undermine public confidence in vaccine safety.

LISTEN: The COVID-19 vaccine will be the biggest product launch in history. Can we pull it off?

READ: Commentary: Manufacturing and distributing a COVID-19 vaccine could take years

Though the pandemic is far from over, we at least have a global solution in sight. COVAX represents the best hope that we have for bringing a prompt end to the crisis.

When people look back and marvel at how quickly the scientific community and development practitioners responded to the COVID-19 threat, they will be able to point to the speed with which governments put aside national interests in the name of international cooperation and solidarity.

Whatever specific moment future historians choose as the pandemic’s turning point, there will be little doubt that the creation and widespread adoption of the COVAX framework played an indispensable role in ending it.

BOOKMARK THIS: Our comprehensive coverage of the coronavirus outbreak and its developments

Download our app or subscribe to our Telegram channel for the latest updates on the coronavirus outbreak: https://cna.asia/telegram

Seth Berkley is CEO of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Richard Hatchett is CEO of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations. Soumya Swaminathan is Chief Scientist of the World Health Organization.

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2020-09-17 22:16:17Z
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WHO chief criticises 'false choice' between public health and economy in COVID-19 fight - CNA

SINGAPORE: Framing the decision to impose COVID-19 lockdowns versus reopening economies as a choice between public health and the economy is a "false" dichotomy, World Health Organization (WHO) director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said on Thursday (Sep 17).

"That is a false choice," said Dr Tedros in a pre-recorded message played at the final instalment of the National Univerity of Singapore's (NUS) COVID-19 Updates from Singapore webinars. "WHO is urging countries to focus on four essential priorities."

The first priority is to prevent amplifying events from large gatherings, such as at stadiums and nightclubs, which have seen "explosive outbreaks"; and the second is to protect the vulnerable, to save lives and to reduce the burden on the health system.

READ: One in 7 reported COVID-19 infections is among health workers: WHO

Thirdly, there is a need to educate communities on physical distancing, hand hygiene, respiratory etiquette and the wearing of masks to curb transmission; and lastly, to find, isolate, test and care for cases, as well as trace and quarantine their contacts.

"There are already many examples of countries that have effectively prevented or control their outbreaks by doing these four things, and doing them well," he said, listing New Zealand, Iceland, Senegal, Mongolia and Singapore as examples.

"The common theme in all these countries is a commitment to national unity and global solidarity."

READ: Japan commits US$165 million to WHO's global coronavirus vaccine programme

He also said that more than 170 countries have joined a global plan to distribute vaccines fairly around the world, and that the WHO's top priority for a vaccine is safety. The deadline to join the programme, known as COVAX, is Friday.

"The first vaccine to be approved may not be the best. The more shots on goal that we have, the higher the chances of having a very safe, very efficacious vaccine," said Dr Tedros.

"We already face challenges with vaccine acceptance for many proven vaccines. We cannot risk having an effective vaccine for COVID-19 that people refuse because of the perception it is unsafe," he added.

"But the greatest test we face now is not scientific or technical. It's a test of character: Can countries come together in solidarity to share the fruits of research, or will misguided nationalism reinforce the inequalities and injustices that have blighted our world?"

READ: Commentary: Vaccine politics could hamper a COVID-19 recovery

Warning that COVID-19 will not be the last pandemic, Dr Tedros said that the world must be ready when the next outbreak hits. 

"It has never been clearer that health is a political and economic choice. In the past 20 years, countries have invested heavily in preparing for terrorist attacks but relatively little in preparing for the attack of a virus, which, as the pandemic has proven, can be far more deadly, disruptive and costly," he said.

Dr Tedros' message opened the webinar where 16 public health experts from Singapore and around the world spoke, either live on Zoom or in recorded videos.

READ: Singapore's daily COVID-19 cases fall to six-month low with 18 new infections

Singapore's Ministry of Health (MOH) director of medical services Kenneth Mak gave an overview of Singapore's COVID-19 situation, elaborating on some of the lessons learned from the country's fight against the coronavirus.

Having government agencies work together to lead a "whole ... nation" effort has been one important factor, while traditional principles of managing infection clusters, contact tracing and isolation have proven to be effective, he said. 

He highlighted that while Singapore has reported more than 57,000 COVID-19 cases, and that currently, only 40-odd people remain in hospital. About 490 people with mild symptoms are housed at community care facilities.

"We added on also a recognition of patients who are vulnerable and at high risk of ... adverse outcomes," he said, adding that those at higher risk of severe complications were identified for closer monitoring and treatment.

"By protecting those that are vulnerable, we've managed to keep the morbidity and complication rates low here in Singapore."

Other experts who spoke at the webinar hosted by the NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine included the school's dean, Professor Chong Yap Seng, Professor David Heymann from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and Mr Patrick Drury, manager of WHO's Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network.

BOOKMARK THIS: Our comprehensive coverage of the coronavirus outbreak and its developments

Download our app or subscribe to our Telegram channel for the latest updates on the coronavirus outbreak: https://cna.asia/telegram

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2020-09-17 14:32:53Z
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With effective prevention of outbreaks, nations do not need to choose between public health and economy: WHO chief - The Straits Times

SINGAPORE - The head of the World Health Organisation (WHO) has debunked arguments that countries have to choose between public health and the economy when they look at whether to ease restrictions following a lockdown.

"That is a false choice," said WHO director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. Instead, the WHO urges countries to focus on four essential priorities:

- Prevent Covid-19 amplifying events. All around the world, explosive outbreaks have been linked to gatherings, in places like stadiums, nightclubs and places of worship.

- Protect the vulnerable to save lives and reduce the burden on the health systems in terms of severely and critically ill patients.

- Educate and empower communities to protect themselves and others. Physical distancing, hand hygiene, respiratory etiquette and masks can help to curb transmission and save lives, not when done in isolation, but by practising all the measures together.

- Persist with the public health basics. Find, isolate, test and care for people who have been infected, and trace and quarantine their contacts.

Dr Tedros said there are many countries that have "effectively prevented or controlled their outbreaks by doing these four things and doing them well", and named Singapore and New Zealand as two such places.

He was speaking at the National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine's final Covid-19 webinar on Thursday (Sept 17), which looked at global solidarity. The session featured 16 speakers, both local and foreign.

Dr Tedros said the pandemic has changed the world. "Lives and livelihoods have been lost, and economies and societies have been upended.

"The pandemic has exposed and exploited political fault lines and inequalities and the gaps in national health systems."

But on a more positive note, he said that for everything Covid-19 has taken from us, it has also given us something - a reminder of what really matters and the opportunity to forge a common future.

The real question is whether countries can come together in solidarity to share the fruits of research when a viable vaccine is available.

"Or, will misguided nationalism reinforce the inequalities and injustices that have blighted our world for so long?" he asked.

"In our interconnected world, if people in low- and middle-income countries miss out on vaccines, the virus will continue to kill and the economic recovery, globally, will be delayed."

Dr Tedros said: "The virus thrives on division. But united, we can defeat it. The pandemic has reminded us of a simple truth - that for all our differences, we are one human race and we are stronger together."

In April, the WHO together with the European Commission and France set up the Covax initiative to provide equitable access to vaccines against Covid-19. More than 170 countries including Singapore have since joined. They will be guaranteed access to the world's largest portfolio of vaccine candidates.

Dr Tedros said: "The first vaccine to be approved may not be the best. The more shots on goal we have, the higher the chances of having a very safe, very efficacious vaccine."

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2020-09-17 11:19:49Z
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COVID-19 cluster in Indonesia's health ministry prompts calls for government institutions to set example of strict protocols - CNA

JAKARTA: Indonesia’s government institutions must set examples of disciplined health protocols, said House of Representatives Speaker Puan Maharani following the emergence of COVID-19 clusters at key ministries. 

In a statement on Thursday (Sep 17), Mdm Maharani said COVID-19 has spread to 30 ministerial offices and agencies in the capital, based on data from the Jakarta government. 

According to the city government’s COVID-19 website, there were 139 cases at the Ministry of Health, 90 at the Ministry of Transport and 42 at the Ministry of Finance. The data is dated Sep 7. 

“The high number of COVID-19 cases in these office clusters is very worrying. 

"Government offices must set an example of complying with disciplined health protocols,” said Mdm Maharani.  

The parliament speaker called for institutions, both at the national and regional levels, to evaluate and control the implementation of health protocols in their respective offices.

Indonesia's President Joko Widodo dressed in a traditional outfit from East Nusa Tenggara
Indonesia's President Joko Widodo, dressed in a traditional outfit from East Nusa Tenggara and wearing a face mask, walking with chairman of the People's Assembly Bambang Soesatyo and chairperson of the House of Representatives, Puan Maharani before his state-of-the-nation address at a general assembly at parliament in Jakarta, Aug 14, 2020. (Photo: AFP/Indonesia parliament/Handout)

“Do not let government offices become a bad example of the implementation of health protocols," she added. 

Since the pandemic hit Indonesia, COVID-19 clusters have been identified in offices in Jakarta as well as industrial zones in its surrounding satellite cities.

In the Bekasi regency east of Jakarta, there have been at least five known clusters of COVID-19 in industrial areas under major multinational corporations.

READ: Return to Jakarta lockdown will hit economy this quarter, but bitter pill needs to be swallowed, say economists

The disease has also spread within the city government, claiming the life of Jakarta administration secretary Saefullah who died on Wednesday noon after being tested positive last week.

Jakarta is currently the epicentre of the pandemic in Indonesia with more than 58,000 cases and 1,400 deaths.

Total cases in Indonesia have surpassed 230,000 COVID-19 cases, with more than 9,200 deaths.

On Monday, a partial lockdown was re-imposed in Jakarta to curb the pandemic.

THERE HAVE BEEN RECOVERIES AS WELL: HEALTH MINISTRY 

When contacted, health ministry's disease control and prevention director-general Achmad Yurianto acknowledged the detection of COVID-19 cases in the ministry.

There have also been recoveries, he added. 

Mr Yurianto, who was previously the national COVID-19 task force spokesman, said the ministry would continue to implement the regular health protocols. 

He said the ministry buildings' air conditioning systems were not equipped with High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters, but windows have been left open to ensure good air circulation.

BOOKMARK THIS: Our comprehensive coverage of the coronavirus outbreak and its developments

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2020-09-17 10:28:00Z
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China greets US diplomat’s visit to Taiwan with warplane incursion - Yahoo Singapore News

Two People’s Liberation Army warplanes have approached Taiwan in yet another incursion that signals growing Chinese hostility towards the self-ruled island, ahead of a trip by a senior US diplomat to boost economic cooperation with Taipei.

The PLA Y-8 anti-submarine aircraft briefly entered the southwestern side of the island’s air defence identification zone (AIDZ) on Wednesday night and were warned off by the Taiwanese air force, the island’s defence ministry said on Thursday.

A host of PLA warplanes has flown into the southwest of Taiwan’s AIDZ since last Wednesday in what Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen described as a serious provocation that would escalate cross-strait tensions and affect regional peace and stability.

Get the latest insights and analysis from our Global Impact newsletter on the big stories originating in China.

The timing of the latest incursion – ahead of a planned visit by US undersecretary of state Keith Krach – was intended to serve as a warning to the US and Taiwan, observers said. Krach, who is expected to arrive in Taipei on Thursday afternoon, will be the most senior State Department official to visit Taiwan.

He is expected to meet Tsai and pay tribute to late president Lee Teng-hui. Krach is also expected to take part in an exchange with Taiwanese officials over a planned economic dialogue that is expected to pave the way for a trade agreement with Taiwan.

US presidential election: China, Trump and red lines on Taiwan

Taiwan’s foreign ministry said Krach, accompanied by assistant secretary Robert Destro, would also discuss “how to strengthen bilateral economic cooperation” during his three-day visit.

Beijing has already warned the US against sending Krach to the island. On Monday, Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin urged the US to “stop all forms of official exchanges with Taiwan” to avoid serious damage to China-US relations and peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait.

Krach’s visit follows the high-profile trip in August of US Health Secretary Alex Azar, who was the highest-level US Cabinet official to visit the island since 1979. Beijing also flew fighter jets towards Taiwan before Azar’s arrival.

More from South China Morning Post:

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2020-09-17 04:39:04Z
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US democracy watchdog gives freedom award to Hong Kong protesters - South China Morning Post

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  1. US democracy watchdog gives freedom award to Hong Kong protesters  South China Morning Post
  2. Hong Kong formally objects to US demand for 'Made in China' export label  AsiaOne
  3. View Full coverage on Google News

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2020-09-17 05:30:18Z
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